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76 Years ago, never forget
76 years ago, Naval forces of Japan launched a sneak attack on Pearl Harbor Hawaii, inflicting heavy losses, sinking numerous ships and destroying hundreds of aircraft.
This is the control tower on Ford Island in the middle of Pearl Harbor, it to this day bears the scars of Japanese machine gun and cannon fire.
Today, Ford island is no longer an active Air base and seaplane ramp (No more seaplanes). While walking about this island in 2002, I actually managed to locate a small piece of Japanese bomb shrapnel not far from where I stood to snap this picture.
This is the control tower on Ford Island in the middle of Pearl Harbor, it to this day bears the scars of Japanese machine gun and cannon fire.
Today, Ford island is no longer an active Air base and seaplane ramp (No more seaplanes). While walking about this island in 2002, I actually managed to locate a small piece of Japanese bomb shrapnel not far from where I stood to snap this picture.
Category All / All
Species Unspecified / Any
Size 768 x 1024px
File Size 133.1 kB
Listed in Folders
The event is never discussed in Japanese history books or classes. It never happened. My lady friend grew up on a base on Okinawa, but it was not discussed in the Public schools. One heard plenty about U.S. Imperialist aggression, though. I guess it was all our own fault.
You know there still are wack jobs who claim FDR arranged Pearl Harbor with the Japs and the Germans so his buddies in arms manufacturing could make more money?
Just like so many conspiracy theories, long onaccusation but has zero evidence.
Ever see Oliver Stone(d)'s movie JFK?
There were two facts in it.
JFK was killed.
Garrison put Clay Shaw on trial.
The rest is pure bullshit.
There are people who say Reagan was shot by a "brainwashed CIA operative."
People still claim WMD were in Iraq.
People (including Trump) STILL say Obama was born in Kenya.
On December 7th, our military did know Japan would attack.
But in the Philippines.
The Pearl Harbor attack was a total surprise, and a total failure.
Our carriers were not there.
All but two of the battleships were repaired and brought back into the war, pounded the patooties out of the Japs.
Just like so many conspiracy theories, long onaccusation but has zero evidence.
Ever see Oliver Stone(d)'s movie JFK?
There were two facts in it.
JFK was killed.
Garrison put Clay Shaw on trial.
The rest is pure bullshit.
There are people who say Reagan was shot by a "brainwashed CIA operative."
People still claim WMD were in Iraq.
People (including Trump) STILL say Obama was born in Kenya.
On December 7th, our military did know Japan would attack.
But in the Philippines.
The Pearl Harbor attack was a total surprise, and a total failure.
Our carriers were not there.
All but two of the battleships were repaired and brought back into the war, pounded the patooties out of the Japs.
Not quite the impression I get from Edwin Layton's memoirs; an attack on Pearl Harbor was viewed as possible (Admiral Kimmel made a comment to the effect asking whether it was possible the Japanese fleet could sail up to Diamond Head). However, it was not viewed as likely as Guam, Manila or Malaya, to be sure.
Pearl Harbor was a classic tactical victory and strategic defeat, for the points you raise. The naval base itself was more or less intact, which would have a major impact on Midway six months later (repairing the Yorktown). A number of the battleships wouldn't be back in service for many, many months; even if they'd escaped damage, it's questionable whether some of them would have been useful in the kind of naval warfare that dominated 1942.
Pearl Harbor was a classic tactical victory and strategic defeat, for the points you raise. The naval base itself was more or less intact, which would have a major impact on Midway six months later (repairing the Yorktown). A number of the battleships wouldn't be back in service for many, many months; even if they'd escaped damage, it's questionable whether some of them would have been useful in the kind of naval warfare that dominated 1942.
You got the motive wrong, declassified documents show that the US government had broken the Japanese code in 1940 and had distributed the now broken code cipher amongst our allies including Britain. Our own Intelligence and the Intelligence agencies of other countries had warned FDR that an attack on Pearl Harbor was imminent. FDR used the attack as a way to enter into WWII to fight the Germans who weren't expecting the US to enter the war.
1940.
1940. Let that sink in.
If you don't believe me, go look up. But since I doubt you will, I will provide some nifty references down below for you =)
""...everything that the Japanese were planning to do was known to the United States..." ARMY BOARD, 1944 President Roosevelt (FDR) provoked the attack, knew about it in advance and covered up his failure to warn the Hawaiian commanders. FDR needed the attack to sucker Hitler to declare war, since the public and Congress were overwhelmingly against entering the war in Europe. It was his backdoor to war.
FDR blinded the commanders at Pearl Harbor and set them up by - 1.denying intelligence to Hawaii (HI) 2.on Nov 27, misleading the commanders into thinking negotiations with Japan were continuing 3.having false information sent to HI about the location of the Japanese carrier fleet.
BACKGROUND
1904 - The Japanese destroyed the Russian navy in a surprise attack in undeclared war.
1932 - In The Grand Joint Army Navy Exercises the attacker, Admiral Yarnell, attacked with 152 planes a half-hour before dawn 40 miles NE of Kahuku Point and caught the defenders of Pearl Harbor completely by surprise. It was a Sunday.
1938 - Admiral Ernst King led a carrier-born airstrike from the USS Saratoga successfully against Pearl Harbor in another exercise.
1940 - FDR ordered the fleet transferred from the West Coast to its exposed position in Hawaii and ordered the fleet remain stationed at Pearl Harbor over complaints by its commander Admiral Richardson that there was inadequate protection from air attack and no protection from torpedo attack. Richardson felt so strongly that he twice disobeyed orders to berth his fleet there and he raised the issue personally with FDR in October and he was soon after replaced. His successor, Admiral Kimmel, also brought up the same issues with FDR in June 1941.
7 Oct 1940 - Navy IQ analyst McCollum wrote an 8 point memo on how to force Japan into war with US. Beginning the next day FDR began to put them into effect and all 8 were eventually accomplished.
11 November 1940 - 21 aged British planes destroyed the Italian fleet, including 3 battleships, at their homeport in the harbor of Taranto in Southern Italy by using technically innovative shallow-draft torpedoes.
11 February 1941 - FDR proposed sacrificing 6 cruisers and 2 carriers at Manila to get into war. Navy Chief Stark objected: "I have previously opposed this and you have concurred as to its unwisdom. Particularly do I recall your remark in a previous conference when Mr. Hull suggested (more forces to Manila) and the question arose as to getting them out and your 100% reply, from my standpoint, was that you might not mind losing one or two cruisers, but that you did not want to take a chance on losing 5 or 6." (Charles Beard PRESIDENT ROOSEVELT AND THE COMING OF WAR 1941, p 424)
March 1941 - FDR sold munitions and convoyed them to belligerents in Europe -- both acts of war and both violations of international law -- the Lend-Lease Act.
23 Jun 1941 - Advisor Harold Ickes wrote FDR a memo the day after Germany invaded the Soviet Union, "There might develop from the embargoing of oil to Japan such a situation as would make it not only possible but easy to get into this war in an effective way. And if we should thus indirectly be brought in, we would avoid the criticism that we had gone in as an ally of communistic Russia." FDR was pleased with Admiral Richmond Turner's report read July 22: "It is generally believed that shutting off the American supply of petroleum will lead promptly to the invasion of Netherland East Indies...it seems certain she would also include military action against the Philippine Islands, which would immediately involve us in a Pacific war." On July 24 FDR told the Volunteer Participation Committee, "If we had cut off the oil off, they probably would have gone down to the Dutch East Indies a year ago, and you would have had war." The next day FDR froze all Japanese assets in US cutting off their main supply of oil and forcing them into war with the US. Intelligence information was withheld from Hawaii from this point forward.
14 August - After the Atlantic Conference, Churchill noted the "astonishing depth of Roosevelt's intense desire for war." Churchill cabled his cabinet "(FDR) obviously was very determined that they should come in.".
18 October - diary entry by Secretary of Interior Harold Ickes: "For a long time I have believed that our best entrance into the war would be by way of Japan."
CODES
Purple Code - the top Japanese diplomatic machine cipher which used automatic telephone switches to separately and differently encipher each character sent. It was cracked by the Army Signal Intelligence Service (331 men).
J-19 was the main Japanese diplomatic code book. This columnar code was cracked.
JN-25 - The Japanese Fleet's Cryptographic System, a.k.a. 5 number code (Sample). http://www.geocities.com/Pentagon/6315/jn25b.gif JN stands for Japanese Navy, introduced 1 June 1939. This was a very simple old-type code book system used by the American Army and Navy in 1898 and abandoned in 1917 because it was insecure.
Version A has a dictionary of 5,600 numbers, words and phrases, each given as a five figure number. These were super-enciphered by addition to random numbers contained in a second code book. The dictionary was only changed once before PH on Dec 1, 1940, to a slightly larger version B but the random book was changed every 3 to 6 months- last on Aug 1. The Japanese blundered away the code when they introduced JN25-B by continuing to use, for 2 months, random books that had been previously solved by the Allies. That was the equivalent of handing over the JN-25B codebook. It was child's play for the Navy group OP-20-G (738 men whose primary responsibility was Japanese naval codes) to reconstruct the exposed dictionary. We recovered the whole thing immediately - in 1994 the NSA published that JN-25B was completely cracked in December 1940. In January 1941 the US gave Britain two JN-25B code books with keys and techniques for deciphering. The entire Pearl Harbor scheme was laid out in this code.
The official US Navy statement on JN-25B is the NAVAL SECURITY GROUP HISTORY TO WORLD WAR II prepared by Captain J. Holtwick in June 1971 who quotes Captain Safford, the chief of OP-20-G, on page 398: "By 1 December 1941 we had the code solved to a readable extent."
Churchill wrote "From the end of 1940 the Americans had pierced the vital Japanese ciphers, and were decoding large numbers of their military and diplomatic telegrams."(GRAND ALLIANCE p 598) Safford reported that during 1941 "The Navy COMINT team did a thorough job on the Japanese Navy with no help from the Army."(SRH-149) " ... many pattern messages could be read practically entire with as few as 1500 meanings." (NSA).
In 1979 the NSA released 2,413 JN-25 orders of the 26,581 intercepted by US between Sept 1 and Dec 4, 1941. The NSA says "We know now that they contained important details concerning the existence, organization, objective, and even the whereabouts of the Pearl Harbor Strike Force." (Parker p 21) Of the over thousand radio messages sent by Tokyo to the attack fleet, only 20 are in the National Archives. All messages to the attack fleet were sent several times, at least one message was sent every odd hour of the day and each had a special serial number. Starting in early November 1941 when the attack fleet assembled and started receiving radio messages, OP-20-G stayed open 24 hours a day and the "First Team" of codebreakers worked on JN-25. In November and early December 1941, OP-20-G spent 85 percent of its effort reading Japanese Navy traffic, 12 percent on Japanese diplomatic traffic and 3 percent on German naval codes. FDR was personally briefed twice a day on JN-25 traffic by his aide, Captain John Beardell, and demanded to see the original raw messages in English. The US Government refuses to identify or declassify any pre-Dec 7, 1941 decrypts of JN-25 on the basis of national security, a half-century after the war."
1940.
1940. Let that sink in.
If you don't believe me, go look up. But since I doubt you will, I will provide some nifty references down below for you =)
""...everything that the Japanese were planning to do was known to the United States..." ARMY BOARD, 1944 President Roosevelt (FDR) provoked the attack, knew about it in advance and covered up his failure to warn the Hawaiian commanders. FDR needed the attack to sucker Hitler to declare war, since the public and Congress were overwhelmingly against entering the war in Europe. It was his backdoor to war.
FDR blinded the commanders at Pearl Harbor and set them up by - 1.denying intelligence to Hawaii (HI) 2.on Nov 27, misleading the commanders into thinking negotiations with Japan were continuing 3.having false information sent to HI about the location of the Japanese carrier fleet.
BACKGROUND
1904 - The Japanese destroyed the Russian navy in a surprise attack in undeclared war.
1932 - In The Grand Joint Army Navy Exercises the attacker, Admiral Yarnell, attacked with 152 planes a half-hour before dawn 40 miles NE of Kahuku Point and caught the defenders of Pearl Harbor completely by surprise. It was a Sunday.
1938 - Admiral Ernst King led a carrier-born airstrike from the USS Saratoga successfully against Pearl Harbor in another exercise.
1940 - FDR ordered the fleet transferred from the West Coast to its exposed position in Hawaii and ordered the fleet remain stationed at Pearl Harbor over complaints by its commander Admiral Richardson that there was inadequate protection from air attack and no protection from torpedo attack. Richardson felt so strongly that he twice disobeyed orders to berth his fleet there and he raised the issue personally with FDR in October and he was soon after replaced. His successor, Admiral Kimmel, also brought up the same issues with FDR in June 1941.
7 Oct 1940 - Navy IQ analyst McCollum wrote an 8 point memo on how to force Japan into war with US. Beginning the next day FDR began to put them into effect and all 8 were eventually accomplished.
11 November 1940 - 21 aged British planes destroyed the Italian fleet, including 3 battleships, at their homeport in the harbor of Taranto in Southern Italy by using technically innovative shallow-draft torpedoes.
11 February 1941 - FDR proposed sacrificing 6 cruisers and 2 carriers at Manila to get into war. Navy Chief Stark objected: "I have previously opposed this and you have concurred as to its unwisdom. Particularly do I recall your remark in a previous conference when Mr. Hull suggested (more forces to Manila) and the question arose as to getting them out and your 100% reply, from my standpoint, was that you might not mind losing one or two cruisers, but that you did not want to take a chance on losing 5 or 6." (Charles Beard PRESIDENT ROOSEVELT AND THE COMING OF WAR 1941, p 424)
March 1941 - FDR sold munitions and convoyed them to belligerents in Europe -- both acts of war and both violations of international law -- the Lend-Lease Act.
23 Jun 1941 - Advisor Harold Ickes wrote FDR a memo the day after Germany invaded the Soviet Union, "There might develop from the embargoing of oil to Japan such a situation as would make it not only possible but easy to get into this war in an effective way. And if we should thus indirectly be brought in, we would avoid the criticism that we had gone in as an ally of communistic Russia." FDR was pleased with Admiral Richmond Turner's report read July 22: "It is generally believed that shutting off the American supply of petroleum will lead promptly to the invasion of Netherland East Indies...it seems certain she would also include military action against the Philippine Islands, which would immediately involve us in a Pacific war." On July 24 FDR told the Volunteer Participation Committee, "If we had cut off the oil off, they probably would have gone down to the Dutch East Indies a year ago, and you would have had war." The next day FDR froze all Japanese assets in US cutting off their main supply of oil and forcing them into war with the US. Intelligence information was withheld from Hawaii from this point forward.
14 August - After the Atlantic Conference, Churchill noted the "astonishing depth of Roosevelt's intense desire for war." Churchill cabled his cabinet "(FDR) obviously was very determined that they should come in.".
18 October - diary entry by Secretary of Interior Harold Ickes: "For a long time I have believed that our best entrance into the war would be by way of Japan."
CODES
Purple Code - the top Japanese diplomatic machine cipher which used automatic telephone switches to separately and differently encipher each character sent. It was cracked by the Army Signal Intelligence Service (331 men).
J-19 was the main Japanese diplomatic code book. This columnar code was cracked.
JN-25 - The Japanese Fleet's Cryptographic System, a.k.a. 5 number code (Sample). http://www.geocities.com/Pentagon/6315/jn25b.gif JN stands for Japanese Navy, introduced 1 June 1939. This was a very simple old-type code book system used by the American Army and Navy in 1898 and abandoned in 1917 because it was insecure.
Version A has a dictionary of 5,600 numbers, words and phrases, each given as a five figure number. These were super-enciphered by addition to random numbers contained in a second code book. The dictionary was only changed once before PH on Dec 1, 1940, to a slightly larger version B but the random book was changed every 3 to 6 months- last on Aug 1. The Japanese blundered away the code when they introduced JN25-B by continuing to use, for 2 months, random books that had been previously solved by the Allies. That was the equivalent of handing over the JN-25B codebook. It was child's play for the Navy group OP-20-G (738 men whose primary responsibility was Japanese naval codes) to reconstruct the exposed dictionary. We recovered the whole thing immediately - in 1994 the NSA published that JN-25B was completely cracked in December 1940. In January 1941 the US gave Britain two JN-25B code books with keys and techniques for deciphering. The entire Pearl Harbor scheme was laid out in this code.
The official US Navy statement on JN-25B is the NAVAL SECURITY GROUP HISTORY TO WORLD WAR II prepared by Captain J. Holtwick in June 1971 who quotes Captain Safford, the chief of OP-20-G, on page 398: "By 1 December 1941 we had the code solved to a readable extent."
Churchill wrote "From the end of 1940 the Americans had pierced the vital Japanese ciphers, and were decoding large numbers of their military and diplomatic telegrams."(GRAND ALLIANCE p 598) Safford reported that during 1941 "The Navy COMINT team did a thorough job on the Japanese Navy with no help from the Army."(SRH-149) " ... many pattern messages could be read practically entire with as few as 1500 meanings." (NSA).
In 1979 the NSA released 2,413 JN-25 orders of the 26,581 intercepted by US between Sept 1 and Dec 4, 1941. The NSA says "We know now that they contained important details concerning the existence, organization, objective, and even the whereabouts of the Pearl Harbor Strike Force." (Parker p 21) Of the over thousand radio messages sent by Tokyo to the attack fleet, only 20 are in the National Archives. All messages to the attack fleet were sent several times, at least one message was sent every odd hour of the day and each had a special serial number. Starting in early November 1941 when the attack fleet assembled and started receiving radio messages, OP-20-G stayed open 24 hours a day and the "First Team" of codebreakers worked on JN-25. In November and early December 1941, OP-20-G spent 85 percent of its effort reading Japanese Navy traffic, 12 percent on Japanese diplomatic traffic and 3 percent on German naval codes. FDR was personally briefed twice a day on JN-25 traffic by his aide, Captain John Beardell, and demanded to see the original raw messages in English. The US Government refuses to identify or declassify any pre-Dec 7, 1941 decrypts of JN-25 on the basis of national security, a half-century after the war."
In order to get the average Joe to pick up a gun and die in another country for reasons he doesn't understand and loot he will never get, a government, be it monarchy, republic, or dictatorship, must use propaganda to entice the populace to war.
Propaganda has been used since the dawn of time, go read the Greek stories and you will see it there too. Or the wars between Italian cities. Despite knowing propaganda exists and that all governments use it (especially for war), people are convinced that their government would never lie to them. Over the last 100 years of US history, every single war we have entered has been on false premises. Sinking of the Lusitania anyone? Gulf of Tonkin incident? Afghanistan + Iraq?
Propaganda has been used since the dawn of time, go read the Greek stories and you will see it there too. Or the wars between Italian cities. Despite knowing propaganda exists and that all governments use it (especially for war), people are convinced that their government would never lie to them. Over the last 100 years of US history, every single war we have entered has been on false premises. Sinking of the Lusitania anyone? Gulf of Tonkin incident? Afghanistan + Iraq?
A united states Coast Guardsman stood watch on that control tower during the attack and afterwards. Upon seeing the horror of trying to get the men out of the burning, oil filled water he realized that perhaps a vertical, hovering aircraft could be used to rescue people in places boats just could not go.
In doing so, he met a fellow by the name of Sikorsky and took the first steps into creating the Helicopter Search and Rescue branch of the US Coast Guard as well as showing the US Navy that helicopters had practical uses in the Maritime Services.
Just a tidbit of history.
In doing so, he met a fellow by the name of Sikorsky and took the first steps into creating the Helicopter Search and Rescue branch of the US Coast Guard as well as showing the US Navy that helicopters had practical uses in the Maritime Services.
Just a tidbit of history.
My great grandfather was an electrician at Pearl. They saw they smoke from their house and he headed in. Did not return for several days, but stayed there, working and sleeping to help out. I have been to the museum they put out there in the old hangers, Pacific Aviation Museum. if you look up at the second hanger where the B-52 cockpit is you can still see the bullet holes in the glass windows.
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